Quality management is the core of the production of petrochemical products, significantly impacting the performance, safety, and reliability of the products. The PDCA cycle and Statistical Process Control (SPC) are important tools in quality management, playing a crucial role in improving product quality and enhancing enterprise competitiveness. This article takes the butadiene products from a company as an example to explore how to effectively apply the PDCA cycle and SPC in practical production, thereby improving the quality of butadiene, reducing the quality risks of products, avoiding product quality defects, and ensuring the quality of butadiene products.